Harrisburg’s Rich History

Harrisburg, the capital city of Pennsylvania, is rich in history and culture. From its early beginnings to its role in the Civil War, this city has a lot to offer. Visitors can explore historic mansions, museums, and the beautiful Pennsylvania State Capitol. With its unique traditions and natural beauty, Harrisburg is a place where the past meets the present.

Key Takeaways

• Harrisburg was founded by John Harris Sr. and played a significant role in the early settlement of Pennsylvania.
• The Susquehanna River was crucial for transportation and trade, helping the city to grow.
• Historic mansions like the John Harris – Simon Cameron Mansion showcase the city’s rich heritage.
• The Pennsylvania State Capitol Building is an architectural marvel and a symbol of the state’s history.
• Harrisburg has a vibrant arts scene, beautiful parks, and unique traditions that make it a special place to visit.

The Founding of Harrisburg

John Harris Sr. and the Early Settlement

Have you ever wondered where the “Harris” in Harrisburg originated from? The capital city of Pennsylvania is named for John Harris, Jr., as is the mansion he built overlooking the Susquehanna River in 1766. He chose the site for his mansion to keep it safe from periodic flooding. In addition to operating Harris’ Ferry to transport goods across the river, Harris, Jr. championed for the creation of a new county near his home, established in 1785 as Dauphin County.

The Role of the Susquehanna River

Near the center of Pennsylvania, at a pass in a mountain ridge where the Susquehanna River flows, is Harrisburg—a historical and beautiful city that serves as Pennsylvania’s capital. From its past as an English settlement in the 1700’s to its sprawling growth into a modern city that has around 572,000 residents, Harrisburg’s rich history has made it a strategic hub for culture, business, and government.

Establishment of Dauphin County

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Original Document

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Original Document
J. Horace McFarland, “The Awakening of Harrisburg,“ 1914.

First Municipal Historic District is established in Harrisburg.

1973
1973

FIRST CANDLELIGHT HOUSE TOUR

First Candlelight House Tour is held, Sunday, Dec. 9, 1973, a tradition that has continued on the second Sunday in December ever
since and has become the oldest and largest tour of its kind attracting over 1,200 people a year to Harrisburg’s historic
structures

1973

DEMOLITION OF PENN-HARRIS HOTEL

Demolition of Penn-Harris Hotel signifies “bottoming out” of Downtown.

1972
1972

Historic Mansions of Harrisburg

Situated on the bank of the Susquehanna River in Harrisburg, you’ll find historic mansions that have stood the test of time. These homes tell the story of our region’s history and the prominent Pennsylvanians they housed.

The Pennsylvania State Capitol Building

Architectural Marvels

Completed in 1906, the Pennsylvania State Capitol Building is a majestic symbol of the state’s rich history. Designed by Joseph Miller Huston, this architectural masterpiece is renowned for its Beaux-Arts style, which combines classical Greek and Roman elements with Renaissance influences. The building’s signature green dome is the jewel of the Harrisburg skyline, and the interior is just as striking with imported embellishments and beautiful artwork.

Historical Significance

Harrisburg was selected as the state capital of Pennsylvania by the legislature in 1812. The Pennsylvania State Capitol Complex boasts one of the finest examples of the period’s stunning architecture. This complex sits on more than 50 acres of landscaped park environments, where visitors can explore many different monuments, buildings, and memorials that bring the past to life.

Guided Tours and Visitor Information

Take a free, guided tour through the Main Rotunda, public galleries in the House and Senate chambers, and the Supreme Court. On the Capitol’s lower level, the interactive Welcome Center offers a deeper dive into the building’s history and significance. Explore historic Harrisburg’s journey through time, from its early days to its role in significant events. The tours provide a comprehensive look at the Capitol’s rich history and stunning architecture.

Harrisburg’s Role in the Civil War

Camp Curtin

Harrisburg was a key location during the Civil War, serving as the capital of the second largest state in the Union. Camp Curtin was established here and became the largest Union Army training camp. Thousands of soldiers were trained and supplied from this camp, making it a vital part of the northern war effort.

Local Heroes and Stories

The city was also known for its brave residents who contributed to the war effort. Harrisburg was a safe haven for runaway slaves and played a significant role in the Underground Railroad. By 1850, the city’s free population was around 900, and many locals, like Jones and Bustill, helped runaway slaves find freedom.

Preserved Battlefields

While Harrisburg itself was never a battlefield, it was close to many significant sites. The city was almost captured twice by the Confederate army, highlighting its strategic importance. Today, visitors can explore nearby preserved battlefields and learn about the city’s crucial role during this turbulent time.

Harrisburg’s rich Civil War history is preserved in various museums and historical sites, offering a glimpse into the past and honoring the city’s contributions to the Union’s victory.

Cultural and Artistic Heritage

Whitaker Center for Science and the Arts

The Whitaker Center is a hub for both science and the arts. It offers interactive exhibits, live performances, and an IMAX theater. Families love the hands-on science exhibits that make learning fun for kids and adults alike. The center also hosts various art shows and musical performances throughout the year.

Local Art Galleries

Harrisburg is home to numerous art galleries that showcase the work of local artists. From contemporary pieces to traditional art, there’s something for everyone. Lancaster PA’s art and gallery trail showcases diverse art spots like Demuth Museum, Gallery Row, Lancaster Museum of Art, Friendship Heart Gallery, and seasonal art walks. These galleries often participate in city-wide art events, making it easy to explore multiple venues in one day.

Annual Arts Festivals

The city hosts several annual arts festivals that draw visitors from all over. These festivals feature a mix of visual arts, music, and food, creating a vibrant atmosphere. One of the most popular events is the Artsfest, held every Memorial Day weekend. It features hundreds of artists and craftsmen, live music, and delicious food from local vendors.

Harrisburg’s commitment to the arts enriches the community and provides endless opportunities for cultural exploration.

Parks and Natural Beauty

Capital Area Greenbelt

The Capital Area Greenbelt is a 20-mile loop that offers a variety of outdoor activities. You can explore hiking, biking, and even bird-watching along this scenic trail. The Greenbelt connects several parks and provides a great way to enjoy Harrisburg’s outdoor escapes.

Wildwood Park

Wildwood Park is a haven for nature lovers. With its great trees, grassy roads, and pleasant open spaces, it’s a perfect spot for a family picnic or a peaceful walk. The park is also home to a nature center where you can learn about the local flora and fauna.

Riverfront Park

Riverfront Park runs along the Susquehanna River and offers stunning views of the water. It’s a popular spot for jogging, walking, and even kayaking. The park hosts various events throughout the year, making it a vibrant part of the community.

Discover nature, events, and camping options near the Susquehanna River. Harrisburg’s parks offer something for everyone, from quiet retreats to lively gatherings.

Museums and Educational Centers

State Museum of Pennsylvania

The State Museum of Pennsylvania is the official museum of the commonwealth and houses an impressive collection of Pennsylvania and American history. Visitors can take a stroll through a turn-of-the-century pioneer town and learn about prominent Pennsylvanians of the past. The museum also features exhibits in archaeology, anthropology, and geology, and even has an immersive planetarium that takes you back to the beginning of time and beyond.

National Civil War Museum

The National Civil War Museum offers a comprehensive look at the Civil War from both the Union and Confederate perspectives. It features a wide range of artifacts, including weapons, uniforms, and personal items from soldiers. The museum also provides detailed exhibits on the causes and consequences of the war, making it a must-visit for history enthusiasts.

Whitaker Center Exhibits

The Whitaker Center for Science and the Arts combines science, performing arts, and education in one location. It features interactive exhibits that make learning fun for all ages. The center also hosts live performances and educational workshops, making it a hub for cultural and scientific exploration in Harrisburg.

Harrisburg’s Unique Traditions

Harrisburg is a place like no other, with special traditions that make it unique. Whether you’re a local or just visiting, there’s always something to explore in this vibrant city.

Architectural Heritage Tours

Candlelight House Tour

Each year, the Historic Harrisburg Association hosts a Candlelight House Tour through Harrisburg’s Midtown, Uptown, and Academy Manor neighborhoods. This tour highlights our city’s architectural heritage and showcases notable historical properties and mansions. Residents have upheld the building styles, as well as their collections of artwork and interior furnishings.

Self-Guided Walking Tours

For those who prefer to explore at their own pace, self-guided walking tours are available year-round. These tours offer a chance to discover Harrisburg’s rich history and architectural beauty on your own schedule. You can visit various landmarks and private residences that tell the story of our region’s past.

Historic Harrisburg Association

The Historic Harrisburg Association (HHA) plays a crucial role in preserving the city’s architectural heritage. They engage in advocacy, education, and preservation efforts to ensure that Harrisburg’s historic sites and monuments are maintained for future generations. HHA offers free and low-cost lectures, seminars, workshops, and guided walking tours to educate the public about the importance of historic preservation.

Exploring Harrisburg’s architectural heritage is a journey through time, offering a glimpse into the city’s storied past and the efforts to preserve its unique character.

Notable Figures in Harrisburg’s History

Simon Cameron

Simon Cameron was a significant figure in Harrisburg’s history, known for his influential role in politics. He served as a U.S. Senator and was also the Secretary of War under President Abraham Lincoln. Cameron’s impact on the city and the nation is still remembered today.

J. Horace McFarland

J. Horace McFarland was a passionate advocate for city beautification and played a crucial role in the City Beautiful movement. His efforts led to the transformation of Harrisburg into a more attractive and livable city. McFarland’s legacy continues to inspire urban development and environmental conservation.

Vance C. McCormick

Vance C. McCormick was a prominent political leader and businessman in Harrisburg. He served as the mayor of Harrisburg and was also a key figure in national politics, including his role as the chairman of the American delegation to the Paris Peace Conference in 1919. McCormick’s contributions to both local and national affairs have left a lasting mark on history.

Conclusion

Harrisburg is a city with a rich and vibrant history that continues to shape its present and future. From its historic mansions and museums to its lively arts scene and beautiful parks, there’s always something new to discover. Whether you’re a history buff or just someone who enjoys exploring new places, Harrisburg has something to offer. So next time you’re in Pennsylvania, make sure to take some time to explore all that this wonderful city has to offer. You’ll be glad you did!

Frequently Asked Questions

Who founded Harrisburg?

Harrisburg was founded by John Harris Sr., an early settler who established a ferry service across the Susquehanna River.

What is the significance of the Susquehanna River to Harrisburg?

The Susquehanna River played a crucial role in Harrisburg’s early development, providing a means for transportation and trade.

When was Dauphin County established?

Dauphin County was established in 1785, thanks to the efforts of John Harris Jr.

What historic mansions can be found in Harrisburg?

Harrisburg is home to several historic mansions, including the John Harris – Simon Cameron Mansion, the McCormick Family Mansion, and the Governor’s Residence.

What can visitors expect at the Pennsylvania State Capitol Building?

Visitors to the Pennsylvania State Capitol Building can admire its architectural beauty, learn about its historical significance, and take guided tours.

How did Harrisburg contribute to the Civil War?

Harrisburg played a key role in the Civil War by hosting Camp Curtin, the largest Union Army camp, and contributing local heroes and stories.

What are some popular arts and cultural spots in Harrisburg?

Popular arts and cultural spots in Harrisburg include the Whitaker Center for Science and the Arts, local art galleries, and annual arts festivals.

What unique traditions does Harrisburg have?

Harrisburg has several unique traditions, such as the Annual Kipona Festival, holiday parades, and farmers markets.